ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 561, in read
    data = self._fp_read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 527, in _fp_read
    return self._fp.read(amt) if amt is not None else self._fp.read()
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py", line 98, in read
    data: bytes = self.__fp.read(amt)
                  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/http/client.py", line 479, in read
    s = self.fp.read(amt)
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/socket.py", line 719, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/ssl.py", line 1304, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
           ~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/ssl.py", line 1138, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
TimeoutError: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 106, in _run_wrapper
    status = _inner_run()
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 97, in _inner_run
    return self.run(options, args)
           ~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 67, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 386, in run
    requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
        reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
    )
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/resolver.py", line 179, in resolve
    self.factory.preparer.prepare_linked_requirements_more(reqs)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 554, in prepare_linked_requirements_more
    self._complete_partial_requirements(
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
        partially_downloaded_reqs,
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        parallel_builds=parallel_builds,
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    )
    ^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 469, in _complete_partial_requirements
    for link, (filepath, _) in batch_download:
                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py", line 184, in __call__
    for chunk in chunks:
                 ^^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py", line 55, in _rich_progress_bar
    for chunk in iterable:
                 ^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py", line 65, in response_chunks
    for chunk in response.raw.stream(
                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
        chunk_size,
        ^^^^^^^^^^^
    ...<22 lines>...
        decode_content=False,
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    ):
    ^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 622, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 560, in read
    with self._error_catcher():
         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/contextlib.py", line 162, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(value)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^
  File "/home/powersys/work/miniconda/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out

这个错误信息表明：你在使用 pip install 安装某个依赖时，连接 files.pythonhosted.org 下载包文件时 超时（Timeout） 了。关键错误信息如下：

ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.

原因可能是：

1. 网络连接慢或不稳定（可能与你当前的网络或代理设置有关）。

2. Python 包太大，超出了默认的超时时间。

3. 你所在地区连接 pypi.org 或 files.pythonhosted.org 有限制。

解决办法：

✅ 方法一：加长 pip 的超时时间（推荐）

pip install <包名> --timeout 100

pip install transformers --timeout 100