1、yuv格式简介

yuv格式不同于bgr。
YUV ，指的是 YCbCr，其中Y是指亮度分量，Cb指蓝色色度分量，而Cr指红色色度分量。
根据采样方式以及排列方式分了好多种细致的格式，常用的有yuyv422等。
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/384455058

2、yuyv422转jpg

转格式之前必须只有yuyv的长和宽，以5120960举例
ffmpeg
ffmpeg -loglevel error -y -s 5120960 -pix_fmt yuyv422 -i 4366.yuv -frames:v 1 4366.jpg
opencv

def convert_yuyv422(yuv_file, yuv_shape=(1920, 720)):
    h, w = yuv_shape
    yuv_file = open(yuv_file, 'rb')
    frame_len = h * w * 2
    shape = (w, h, 2)  # 用于yuyv2长度为w*h*2
    raw = yuv_file.read(int(frame_len))
    yuv = np.frombuffer(raw, dtype=np.uint8)
    yuv = yuv.reshape(shape)
    bgr = cv2.cvtColor(yuv, cv2.COLOR_YUV2BGR_YUYV)
    cv2.imwrite('cv2.jpg', bgr)

下列链接有更本质的方法，但是太慢了不推荐。
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36917144/article/details/120505174

3、yuv bgr888编码转jpg

yuv本质上没有bgr888的格式，所以这种只是把bgr888编码的存为了yuv而已
ffmpeg
ffmpeg -s 1920x720 -pix_fmt bgr24 -i 4399.yuv -frames:v 1 4399.jpg
python

def yuvbgr888_to_bgr(yuv_file, yuv_shape=(1920, 720)):
    h, w = yuv_shape
    yuv_file = open(yuv_file, 'rb')
    frame_len = h * w * 3
    shape = (w, h, 3)  # 用于yuv转bgr，对于yuyv格式，需要2通道
    raw = yuv_file.read(int(frame_len))
    yuv = np.frombuffer(raw, dtype=np.uint8)
    yuv = yuv.reshape(shape)
    cv2.imwrite('cv2.jpg', yuv)

4、另一种实现

def yuvbgr888(yuv_file, yuv_shape=(1920, 720)):
    img = np.fromfile(yuv_file, dtype='uint8')
    h, w = yuv_shape
    img = img.reshape(w, h, 3)
    cv2.imwrite('cv2.jpg', img)

def yuyv422_to_bgr2(yuv_file, yuv_shape=(1920, 720)):
    h, w = yuv_shape
    shape = (w, h, 2)  # 用于yuv转bgr，对于yuyv格式，需要2通道
    yuv = np.fromfile(yuv_file, dtype='uint8')
    yuv = yuv.reshape(shape)
    bgr = cv2.cvtColor(yuv, cv2.COLOR_YUV2BGR_YUYV)
    cv2.imwrite('cv2.jpg', bgr)